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Fig. 1 | Journal of Ethnobiology and Ethnomedicine

Fig. 1

From: Beekeepers as guardians of apitherapeutic knowledge in Estonia, SW Ukraine, and NE Italy

Fig. 1

Products purchased from Estonian beekeepers: A wax caps with honey; B bee bread in pollen combs; C propolis; D homemade propolis tincture in a small glass jar (center of photo), honeycombs in plastic boxes (on the left), and homemade wax candles (on the right)—making candles from wax and selling them at fairs is one source of income for small-scale beekeepers. Credit: Raivo Kalle, 2023–2024

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Journal of Ethnobiology and Ethnomedicine

ISSN: 1746-4269

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